What is the purpose of using straw mulch in agriculture?

The primary purpose of using straw mulch in agriculture is to curtail erosion by water. By covering the soil surface, straw mulch acts as a protective barrier that helps prevent the direct impact of raindrops on the soil, which can displace soil particles and lead to erosion. Additionally, this layer of mulch helps to retain soil moisture by reducing evaporation and can improve soil structure over time as it decomposes, further contributing to soil stability.

While enhancing soil fertility, providing shade, and attracting beneficial insects are important agricultural practices, straw mulch is specifically most effective in reducing water erosion. The use of mulch contributes to overall soil health and plant growth as a secondary benefit, but its primary function is to protect the soil from erosive forces.