What type of impeller is described as having a full front and back shroud?

The type of impeller that is characterized by having a full front and back shroud is the closed impeller. This design consists of two discs or shrouds that enclose the impeller blades, which allows for a more efficient transfer of energy to the fluid being pumped. The full shrouds help to contain the flow, directing it effectively through the impeller and minimizing turbulence.

Closed impellers are particularly effective in applications where a high head is required, as they can create significant pressure differences. They also enhance the efficiency of the pump, as the design reduces the likelihood of fluid entering the impeller in an unstructured manner, which can happen with other designs. The controlled flow results in a more uniform velocity and pressure distribution, making closed impellers suitable for a wide range of fluids, including those with higher viscosities.

In contrast, other types of impellers, such as open or vortex impellers, lack this full shroud design. Open impellers have blades without a front or back shroud, which can allow for more flexibility with solids but may also result in less pressure buildup. Vortex impellers function by creating a vortex to move fluid and are typically used for specific applications where solids handling is necessary. Each impeller type